Constraint-based Syntax 2: Week 4 - Revision history

Gert: /* Words */

2017-05-16T10:02:18Z

Words

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	[[Constraint-based_Syntax_2\| '''Main page''']] [[Constraint-based_Syntax_2:_Week_1\| '''Week 1''']] [[Constraint-based_Syntax_2:_Week_2\| '''Week 2''']]    [[Constraint-based_Syntax_2:_Week_3\| '''Week 3''']]    Week4    ~~Week5~~    Week6    Week7    Week8    Week9    Week10		[[Constraint-based_Syntax_2\| '''Main page''']] [[Constraint-based_Syntax_2:_Week_1\| '''Week 1''']] [[Constraint-based_Syntax_2:_Week_2\| '''Week 2''']]    [[Constraint-based_Syntax_2:_Week_3\| '''Week 3''']]    Week4    [[Constraint-based_Syntax_2:_Week_5\| '''Week 5''']]    Week6    Week7    Week8    Week9    Week10
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2017-05-16T06:41:09Z

Words

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   [[Constraint-based_Syntax_2| '''Main page''']]   [[Constraint-based_Syntax_2:_Week_1| '''Week 1''']]     [[Constraint-based_Syntax_2:_Week_2| '''Week 2''']] &nbsp;&nbsp; [[Constraint-based_Syntax_2:_Week_3| '''Week 3''']] &nbsp;&nbsp; Week4 &nbsp;&nbsp; Week5 &nbsp;&nbsp; Week6 &nbsp;&nbsp; Week7 &nbsp;&nbsp; Week8 &nbsp;&nbsp; Week9 &nbsp;&nbsp; Week10
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2017-05-16T06:39:49Z

Further Constraints on Words

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	~~== Further Constraints on Words ==~~

2017-05-16T06:35:56Z

Valence

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	== Valence ==		== Valence ==

	In Week 1 we saw that all signs carry the 3 valence features SUBJ, SPR, and COMPS, which are list-valued. Corresponding to each valence feature, there is a phrase type: ''hd-subj-ph'', ''hd-spr-ph'', and ''hd-comp-ph''. As the names suggest, each phrase has a head daughter and additionally a SUBJ, SPR, or one or two COMPS daughters. The projection of these phrases is driven by the head ~~daughters~~ valence features as illustrated in Week 1.		In Week 1 we saw that all signs carry the 3 valence features SUBJ, SPR, and COMPS, which are list-valued. Corresponding to each valence feature, there is a phrase type: ''hd-subj-ph'', ''hd-spr-ph'', and ''hd-comp-ph''. As the names suggest, each phrase has a head daughter and additionally a SUBJ, SPR, or one or two COMPS daughters. The projection of these phrases is driven by the head daughter's valence features as illustrated in Week 1.

	The linguistic objects on the valence lists (i.e. the valents) are of type ''synsem''. In order to simplify the representations of the valents, we use the following abbreviations:		The linguistic objects on the valence lists (i.e. the valents) are of type ''synsem''. In order to simplify the representations of the valents, we use the following abbreviations:

2017-05-16T06:35:16Z

The verb form hierarchy

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	[[File:GS-p24-nr10.jpg]]		[[File:GS-p24-nr10.jpg]]

	In the text, GS also talk about a verb form ''subjunctive'' which is supposed to be used in imperative and subjunctive clauses. They do, however, not include that verb form in their grammar specification. In order to analyze these sentence types, the online grammar for this course adds a verb form ''sbjn" (= subjunctive) to the type hierarchy above. It assumes that ''sbjn" is another immediate subtype of ''clausal", so that ''clausal'' has the three immediate subtypes ''sbjn", ''fin(ite), and ''inf(initive''). There will be a constraint that clauses are required to have a clausal part of speech, which means that only words with VFORM ''sbjn", ''fin(ite), or ''inf(initive'') can head clauses.

	The table below gives an overview of all verb forms with examples:		The table below gives an overview of all verb forms with examples:
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	\|-		\|-
	! Verb form !! Full name !! Examples		! Verb form !! Full name !! Examples
	\|-
	~~\| ''sbjn'' \|\| subjunctive \|\| be, dance, call~~
	\|-		\|-
	\| ''fin'' \|\| finite (indicative) \|\| is, must, dances, dance (non-third person singular), danced (past tense)		\| ''fin'' \|\| finite (indicative) \|\| is, must, dances, dance (non-third person singular), danced (past tense)

2017-05-16T06:33:14Z

Parts of Speech

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	Our online grammar uses the following type hierarchy for parts of speech (the values of the feature HEAD):		Our online grammar uses the following type hierarchy for parts of speech (the values of the feature HEAD):

	[[File:.jpg]]		[[File:Part-of-speech-hierarchy-of-online-grammar.jpg]]

	The hierarchy differs from that in GS in two ways:		The hierarchy differs from that in GS in two ways:

2017-05-16T06:29:46Z

Parts of Speech

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	Our online grammar uses the following type hierarchy for parts of speech (the values of the feature HEAD):		Our online grammar uses the following type hierarchy for parts of speech (the values of the feature HEAD):

	[[File:~~pos-jpg~~.jpg]]		[[File:.jpg]]

	The hierarchy differs from that in GS in two ways:		The hierarchy differs from that in GS in two ways:

2017-05-16T06:20:36Z

Further Constraints on Words

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	[[Constraint-based_Syntax_2\| '''Main page''']] [[Constraint-based_Syntax_2:_Week_1\| '''Week 1''']] Week 2    [[Constraint-based_Syntax_2:_Week_3\| '''Week 3''']]    Week4    Week5    Week6    Week7    Week8    Week9    Week10		[[Constraint-based_Syntax_2\| '''Main page''']] [[Constraint-based_Syntax_2:_Week_1\| '''Week 1''']] [[Constraint-based_Syntax_2:_Week_2\| '''Week 2''']]    [[Constraint-based_Syntax_2:_Week_3\| '''Week 3''']]    Week4    Week5    Week6    Week7    Week8    Week9    Week10
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2017-05-09T09:00:26Z

A Simplified Type Hierarchy for Phrases

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	== ~~A Simplified Type Hierarchy for Phrases~~ ==		== Further Constraints on Words ==

2017-05-09T08:59:37Z

Head-Complement Phrases

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	== ~~Head-Complement~~ Phrases ==		== A Simplified Type Hierarchy for Phrases ==