Practical Grammar 10 - Revision history

Gert: /* Object control: persuade */

2026-07-21T11:40:32Z

Object control: persuade

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:40, 21 July 2026
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	'''Also note:''' if necessary, there may be additional statements inside the curly brackets besides the control equations. Every such statement also ends with a semicolon!		'''Also note:''' if necessary, there may be additional statements inside the curly brackets besides the control equations. Every such statement also ends with a semicolon!

			In the following exercise, we will extend the grammar to license sentences with verbs like ''try'', ''promise'', and ''persuade''.

	==== <span style="color: blue>Exercise 10</span> Controlled infinitival complement clauses ====		==== <span style="color: blue>Exercise 10</span> Controlled infinitival complement clauses ====

Gert: /* Guiding ideas */

2026-07-21T11:40:07Z

Guiding ideas

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:40, 21 July 2026
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	5. To separate these finite and infinitival verb forms from each other, we introduce a new feature called '''VFORM''', with the values "fin" (= finite = tensed) and "inf" (= infinitive = non-tensed). There will eventually also be VFORM values for progressive verb forms like ''buying'' and participles like ''bought'', but we will not deal with those here.<br>		5. To separate these finite and infinitival verb forms from each other, we introduce a new feature called '''VFORM''', with the values "fin" (= finite = tensed) and "inf" (= infinitive = non-tensed). There will eventually also be VFORM values for progressive verb forms like ''buying'' and participles like ''bought'', but we will not deal with those here.<br>
	6. As always, when we introduce a new expression kind (in this case the infinitive), we need to specify a grammatical function for it. For tensed subordinate clauses we chose the grammatical function COMP (= complement clause). For infinitival complements we postulate the grammatical function '''XCOMP'''. The X stands for the unexpressed subject of the subordinate clause.		6. As always, when we introduce a new expression kind (in this case the infinitive), we need to specify a grammatical function for it. For tensed subordinate clauses we chose the grammatical function COMP (= complement clause). For infinitival complements we postulate the grammatical function '''XCOMP'''. The X stands for the unexpressed subject of the subordinate clause.




	~~In the following exercise, we will extend the grammar to license sentences with verbs like ''try'', ''promise'', and ''persuade''.~~

	== How to write the control equations in XLFG ==		== How to write the control equations in XLFG ==

Gert: /* Exercise 10 Controlled infinitival complement clauses */

2026-07-21T11:39:34Z

Exercise 10 Controlled infinitival complement clauses

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:39, 21 July 2026
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	3. The grammar contains 14 test sentences.<br>		3. The grammar contains 14 test sentences.<br>
	4. Add lexical entries and phrase structure rules so that your grammar makes the correct grammaticality predictions for all 14 test sentences.		4. Add lexical entries and phrase structure rules so that your grammar makes the correct grammaticality predictions for all 14 test sentences.
	6.

Gert: /* Exercise 10 Controlled infinitival complement clauses */

2026-07-21T11:39:08Z

Exercise 10 Controlled infinitival complement clauses

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:39, 21 July 2026
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	'''Important note''': the Wiki page currently does not allow me to upload pictures. Therefore, I have uploaded '''to Olat''' the file		'''Important note''': the Wiki page currently does not allow me to upload pictures. Therefore, I have uploaded '''to Olat''' the file
	Exercise-10-expected-output.pdf		Exercise-10-expected-output.pdf
	which presents the structures that your grammar should produce for sentences ~~(5)-(13)~~.		which presents the structures that your grammar should produce for 14 test sentences.

Gert: /* Exercise 10.1 Controlled infinitival complement clauses */

2026-07-21T11:33:30Z

Exercise 10.1 Controlled infinitival complement clauses

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:33, 21 July 2026
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	'''Also note:''' if necessary, there may be additional statements inside the curly brackets besides the control equations. Every such statement also ends with a semicolon!		'''Also note:''' if necessary, there may be additional statements inside the curly brackets besides the control equations. Every such statement also ends with a semicolon!

	==== <span style="color: blue>Exercise 10.1</span> Controlled infinitival complement clauses ====		==== <span style="color: blue>Exercise 10</span> Controlled infinitival complement clauses ====

	1. Go to <span class="newwin">https://xlfg.labri.fr/</span> and log in.<br>		1. Go to <span class="newwin">https://xlfg.labri.fr/</span> and log in.<br>
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	6.		6.



			'''Important note''': the Wiki page currently does not allow me to upload pictures. Therefore, I have uploaded '''to Olat''' the file
			Exercise-10-expected-output.pdf
			which presents the structures that your grammar should produce for sentences (5)-(13).

Gert: /* Exercise 10.1 Controlled infinitival complement clauses */

2026-07-21T11:24:45Z

Exercise 10.1 Controlled infinitival complement clauses

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:24, 21 July 2026
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	1. Go to <span class="newwin">https://xlfg.labri.fr/</span> and log in.<br>		1. Go to <span class="newwin">https://xlfg.labri.fr/</span> and log in.<br>
	2. Open ''Exam Grammar SoSe 2026''.<br>		2. Open ''Exam Grammar SoSe 2026''.<br>
	3. The grammar contains 14 test sentences.		3. The grammar contains 14 test sentences.<br>
	4. Add lexical entries and phrase structure rules so that your grammar makes the correct grammaticality predictions for all 14 test sentences.		4. Add lexical entries and phrase structure rules so that your grammar makes the correct grammaticality predictions for all 14 test sentences.
	6.		6.

Gert: /* Exercise 10.1 Controlled infinitival complement clauses */

2026-07-21T11:24:25Z

Exercise 10.1 Controlled infinitival complement clauses

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:24, 21 July 2026
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	1. Go to <span class="newwin">https://xlfg.labri.fr/</span> and log in.<br>		1. Go to <span class="newwin">https://xlfg.labri.fr/</span> and log in.<br>
	2. Open ''Grammar ~~XXX~~''.<br>		2. Open ''Exam Grammar SoSe 2026''.<br>
	3. The grammar contains 14 test sentences.		3. The grammar contains 14 test sentences.
	4. Add lexical entries and phrase structure rules so that your grammar makes the correct grammaticality predictions for all 14 test sentences.		4. Add lexical entries and phrase structure rules so that your grammar makes the correct grammaticality predictions for all 14 test sentences.

Gert: /* Exercise 10.1 Controlled infinitival complement clauses */

2026-07-21T11:21:38Z

Exercise 10.1 Controlled infinitival complement clauses

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:21, 21 July 2026
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	4. Add lexical entries and phrase structure rules so that your grammar makes the correct grammaticality predictions for all 14 test sentences.		4. Add lexical entries and phrase structure rules so that your grammar makes the correct grammaticality predictions for all 14 test sentences.
	6.		6.



			<br>
			<br>
			<font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">
			<font size="2">
			<div align="center">
			[[Practical_Grammar \|'''Main page''']] [[Practical_Grammar_2\|'''Week 2''']] [[Practical_Grammar_3\|'''Week 3''']] [[Practical_Grammar_4\|'''Week 4''']] [[Practical_Grammar_5\|'''Week 5''']] [[Practical_Grammar_6\|'''Week 6''']] [[Practical_Grammar_7_new\|'''Week 7''']] [[Practical_Grammar_8\|'''Week 8''']] [[Practical_Grammar_9\|'''Week 9''']]
			</div>

			<!-- [[Practical_Grammar_10\|'''Week 10''']] [[Practical_Grammar_11\|'''Week 11''']] [[Practical_Grammar_12\|'''Term Paper Project''']] -->

Gert: /* seem (Raising verb) */

2026-07-21T11:21:07Z

seem (Raising verb)

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:21, 21 July 2026
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	4. Add lexical entries and phrase structure rules so that your grammar makes the correct grammaticality predictions for all 14 test sentences.		4. Add lexical entries and phrase structure rules so that your grammar makes the correct grammaticality predictions for all 14 test sentences.
	6.		6.

	~~==''seem (Raising verb)''==~~

	~~Notation:~~

	The verb ''seem'' differs from the verb ''try'' in that ''seem'' does not assign a semantic role to its SUBJ. This is the first time we encounter such verbs. In XLFG, GFs that the predicate does not assign a role to are written between the closing > and the final apostrophe, as follows:

	* PRED:'X<...><span style="color: red>Y</span>'

	~~Meaning of the line above: the GFs listed in ... are assigned semantic roles by the predicate, but the grammatical function <span style="color: red>Y</span> is not.~~

	~~<span style="color: blue>Exercise 9.2 </span>~~
	* Go to <span class="newwin">[https://147.210.117.56 https://147.210.117.56]</span>.
	* Make sure that under 'Output Parameters' '''Extended Coherence test on Feature-Structures''' is set to '''Yes'''</span>.
	* Extend your previous grammar.

	* On the basis of pages 104-108 in the textbook, make all the additions to the grammar that are necessary to yield the following outputs for sentence (4):

	~~(4) Ingrid seemed to buy olives.~~

	~~[[File:Ingrid-seemed-to-buy-olives-cs.JPG \| 500px]]    ~~
	~~[[File:Ingrid-seemed-to-buy-olives-fs.JPG \| 500px]]~~



	~~(4) Ingrid buys olives.<br>~~
	~~(5) Ingrid tried to buy olives <br>~~
	~~(6) * Ingrid tried buys olives <br>~~
	~~(7) Ingrid pursuaded Fred to buy olives <br>~~
	~~(8) * Ingrid pursuaded Fred bought olives <br>~~
	~~(9) Ingrid promised Fred to buy olives<br>~~
	~~(10) * Ingrid promised Fred buys olives<br>~~
	~~(11) * Ingrid tried she to buy olives <br>~~
	~~(12) * Ingrid pursuaded Fred he to buy olives <br>~~
	~~(13) * Ingrid promised Fred she to buy olives<br>~~

	~~Make sure that the following sentences come out to be ungrammatical:~~

	~~(14) * Ingrid tried to rain<br>~~
	~~(15) * Ingrid persuaded Fred to rain<br>~~
	~~(16) * Ingrid promised Fred to rain~~


	~~[[File:Ingrid-tried-to-buy-olives-cs.JPG \| 500px]] <br>~~


	~~[[File:Ingrid-tried-to-buy-olives-fs.JPG \| 1000px]]~~
	~~<br>~~

	~~Implement the following grammatical assumptions:~~

	* 'to' (the infinitive marker): assume that it is a verb which is marked [IM:+].
	* 'buy': [VFORM:INF]

	~~Make sure that your grammar also makes the correct predictions for the sentences below:~~

	~~(2) Ingrid buys olives <br>~~
	~~(3) *Ingrid tried buys olives~~





	~~<font size="2">~~


	~~Extended Coherence Condition [non-final version] (p. 138)~~
	* All governable functions present in an f-structure must occur in the value of a local PRED feature.
	* All functions that have a PRED value must have a theta role.
	~~-->~~

	~~<br>~~
	~~<br>~~
	~~<font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">~~
	~~<font size="2">~~
	~~<div align="center">~~
	[[Practical_Grammar \|'''Main page''']] [[Practical_Grammar_2\|'''Week 2''']] [[Practical_Grammar_3\|'''Week 3''']] [[Practical_Grammar_4\|'''Week 4''']] [[Practical_Grammar_5\|'''Week 5''']] [[Practical_Grammar_6\|'''Week 6''']] [[Practical_Grammar_7_new\|'''Week 7''']] [[Practical_Grammar_8\|'''Week 8''']] [[Practical_Grammar_9\|'''Week 9''']]
	~~</div>~~

	~~<!-- [[Practical_Grammar_10\|'''Week 10''']] [[Practical_Grammar_11\|'''Week 11''']] [[Practical_Grammar_12\|'''Term Paper Project''']] -->~~


	~~-->~~

Gert: /* Exercise 10.1 Controlled infinitival complement clauses */

2026-07-21T11:20:36Z

Exercise 10.1 Controlled infinitival complement clauses

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 . Add lexical entries and phrase structure rules so that your grammar makes the correct grammaticality predictions for all 14 test sentences.
 .
 ==''seem (Raising verb)''==