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Every English word belongs to a '''part of speech''' like ''noun'', ''verb'', or ''adjective'', and many words belong to more than one (for instance, the word cook can be a noun or a verb). You can think of a part of speech as a set of words that share some grammatical property, e.g. nouns often refer to objects and can be singular or plural, verbs often refer to event and can appear with different tense affixes, etc.  
Every English word belongs to a '''part of speech''' like ''noun'', ''verb'', or ''adjective'', and many words belong to more than one (for instance, the word cook can be a noun or a verb). You can think of a part of speech as a set of words that share some grammatical property, e.g. nouns often refer to objects and can be singular or plural, verbs often refer to event and can appear with different tense affixes, etc.  


Thus, for every part of speech, there are a number of tests that one can use to check whether a given word belongs to that part of speech. While there are certain cases where the tests to not give a clear result on the part of speech of a word, the typical situation is one where the tests unambiguously favor one part of speech over the others.
Thus, for every part of speech, there are a number of tests that one can use to check whether a given word belongs to that part of speech. While there are certain cases where the tests do not give a clear result on the part of speech of a word, the typical situation is one where the tests unambiguously favor one part of speech over the others.


In the following sections, we present the tests for each part of speech.
The parts of speech can be grouped into two classes:


===Major Parts of Speech===
1. [[Major_parts_of_speech|Major parts of speech]]<br>
2. [[Minor_parts_of_speech|Minor parts of speech]]<br>
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[[Exercises_on_Parts_of_Speech|<span style="color: red>Exercises on Parts of Speech</span>]]


General characteristics:


* ostentive definition of the word's meaning is possible (i.e. definition by pointing at the object/ the activity)
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* the meaning is lexical, i.e. there is a referent in the world; we also call these words content words.
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* diachronically, the words emerge and disappear fast (If there are new inventions or items/ activities go out of use)
* open word classes (i.e. words can be added to these classes)
* the word classes are defined by operational tests (we use semantic, morphological and syntactic criteria since it is impossible to give a complete list)


''These properties contrast with those of the minor parts of speech.''


Major parts of speech in English:
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  [[Syntax_1_Wiki |'''Main page''']]|[[Syntax_1_Wiki:_Week_1| '''Week 1''']] | [[Syntax_1_Wiki:_Week_2|'''Week 2''']]| Week 3| Week 4| Week 5| Week 6| Week 7
1. [[Nouns|Nouns]]<br />
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2. [[Verbs|Verbs]]<br />
3. [[Adjectives|Adjectives]]<br />
4. [[Adverbs|Adverbs]]<br />
5. [[Prepositions|Prepositions]]<br />
 
[https://www.english-linguistics.de/grammarparadise/wiki/index.php/User:Gert Syntax 1 Wiki]
 
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Latest revision as of 08:30, 29 April 2020

Syntax deals with the question of how the phrases of a language are built up from smaller phrases and words.

Parts of Speech

Every English word belongs to a part of speech like noun, verb, or adjective, and many words belong to more than one (for instance, the word cook can be a noun or a verb). You can think of a part of speech as a set of words that share some grammatical property, e.g. nouns often refer to objects and can be singular or plural, verbs often refer to event and can appear with different tense affixes, etc.

Thus, for every part of speech, there are a number of tests that one can use to check whether a given word belongs to that part of speech. While there are certain cases where the tests do not give a clear result on the part of speech of a word, the typical situation is one where the tests unambiguously favor one part of speech over the others.

The parts of speech can be grouped into two classes:

1. Major parts of speech
2. Minor parts of speech


Exercises on Parts of Speech 





  Main page| Week 1 | Week 2| Week 3| Week 4| Week 5| Week 6| Week 7
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