Particles: Difference between revisions
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Particles usually have the same form as prepositions | Particles usually have the same form as prepositions | ||
Examples: call sth. off, look sth. up | Examples: call sth. off, look sth. up | ||
Particles combine with certain verbs to form non-predictable and mainly idiomatic particle verbs. | Characteristics: | ||
They contrast | * Particles combine with certain verbs to form non-predictable and mainly idiomatic particle verbs. | ||
'V Part NP' and 'V NP Part' are both possible (The umpire called off the game., The umpire called the game off) | * They contrast with prepositions in that they are more flexible: | ||
For prepositions, only 'V P NP' is possible (The teacher fell off the chair, *The teacher fell the chair off.) | ** 'V Part NP' and 'V NP Part' are both possible (The umpire called off the game., The umpire called the game off) | ||
When the NP is a pronoun, only 'V Pron Part' is possible (The umpire called it off/ *off it.). This ordering is excluded for prepositions (*'V Pron P', *The teacher fell it off.) | ** For prepositions, only 'V P NP' is possible (The teacher fell off the chair, *The teacher fell the chair off.) | ||
** When the NP is a pronoun, only 'V Pron Part' is possible (The umpire called it off/ *off it.). This ordering is excluded for prepositions (*'V Pron P', *The teacher fell it off.) | |||
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[[Complementizers| ← Complementizers]] [[[Infinitive_marker_to|The Infinitive marker ''to'' →]] | [[Complementizers| ← Complementizers]] [[Words| ↑ Words]] [[Infinitive_marker_to|The Infinitive marker ''to'' →]] | ||
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Latest revision as of 12:32, 21 April 2017
Particles usually have the same form as prepositions
Examples: call sth. off, look sth. up
Characteristics:
- Particles combine with certain verbs to form non-predictable and mainly idiomatic particle verbs.
- They contrast with prepositions in that they are more flexible:
- 'V Part NP' and 'V NP Part' are both possible (The umpire called off the game., The umpire called the game off)
- For prepositions, only 'V P NP' is possible (The teacher fell off the chair, *The teacher fell the chair off.)
- When the NP is a pronoun, only 'V Pron Part' is possible (The umpire called it off/ *off it.). This ordering is excluded for prepositions (*'V Pron P', *The teacher fell it off.)