Practical Grammar 8: Difference between revisions

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* Go to <span class="newwin">[https://xlfg.labri.fr/ https://xlfg.labri.fr/]</span>.
* Go to <span class="newwin">[https://xlfg.labri.fr/ https://xlfg.labri.fr/]</span>.
* Open your latest grammar or start with a copy of Grammar5-Ex 7.3.  
<!-- Grammar5-Ex 7.3-solution. -->
 
* Add the words in the following sentences:
* Add the words in the following sentences:


(1) Oscar thinks Sarah likes musicals<br>
(1) Fred thinks that Lilly disappeared<br>
(2) Oscar thinks that Sarah likes musicals<br>
(2) Fred enquires whether Lilly disappeared
(3) Oscar enquires whether Sarah likes musicals<br>
(4) *Oscar enquires Sarah likes musicals<br>
(5) *Oscar enquires that Sarah likes musicals


* Make any further changes that are necessary to obtain exactly the f-structure (10) on p. 101 for (1)-(2).
Implement the following:
* Extend your grammar to predict the following facts:


# ''that'' and ''whether'' belong to the part of speech C (= complementizer).
# Complementizers head CPs.
# CPs take two daughers: a C and an IP. The two daughters are co-heads of the CP.
# You need to add a new VP rule which allows a VP to consist of a V and a CP. The CP bears the GF '''COMP'''.


* Make any further changes that are necessary to obtain the f-structure (10) on p. 101 for (1), with one exception: your grammar will not contain the information [CLTYPE DECL] in the main f-structure! For sentence (2), you should obtain an f-structure which is identical to that of sentence (1), with the exception that the CLTYPE of the COMP in (2) should be INTER.


For sentence (3), you should obtain an f-structure which is identical to that of sentence (1), with the exception that the CLTYPE of (3) should be INTER.
Check what your grammar predicts for the following examples:


Now make sure that your grammar does not license the following example:
(3) *Fred thinks whether Lilly disappeared<br>
(4) *Fred enquires that Lilly disappeared


(6) *Oscar thinks whether Sarah likes musicals
If your grammar licenses these examples, then add information to it that makes it impossible to derive a well formed f-structure for them.


This requires the use of a constraining equation in one place!
Hint: think about the function of each of the complementizers!


'''Note:''' the solution to this exercise is going to be posted under the name ''Grammar5-Ex8.1-solution''.
== Subject Clauses ==


<!--
''That''- and ''whether''-clauses can also act as subjects:
 
1. That Lilly disappeared sucks<br>
2. Whether Lilly disappeared is unknown
 
Of course, the complementizers are still bound to their clause types:


== Collecting everything we have done so far in one grammar ==
3. *Whether Lilly disappeared sucks<br>


<span style="color: blue>Exercise 8.2</span>
<span style="color: blue>Exercise 8.2</span>


* Go to <span class="newwin">[https://xlfg.labri.fr/ https://xlfg.labri.fr/]</span>.
* Go to <span class="newwin">[https://xlfg.labri.fr/ https://xlfg.labri.fr/]</span>.
* Open the grammar ''Practical Grammar 7''. Except for test sentences, it is empty.
<!-- * Open your latest grammar or start with a copy of Grammar5-.Ex8.1-solution. -->
* Open xlfg again in a second browser tab by clicking on <span class="newwin">[https://xlfg.labri.fr/ https://xlfg.labri.fr/]</span>.
* Add the sentences above to your test items.
* Open your previous grammars in the second tab window and copy information from those grammars into ''Practical Grammar 7'' in the first browser tab until the grammar returns the expected result for all test sentences.
* Change the grammar so that it makes the correct predictions for all test items.
 
Your grammar should yield the following Argument Structure for sentence (1):<br>
 
[[File:Sucks.JPG|500px]]
 
Your grammar should yield the following Argument Structure for sentence (2):<br>
 
[[File:Unknown.JPG|500px]]
 
Notes:
 
a. treat ''is'' as a verb which combines with a COMP and an OBJ.<br>
b. treat ''unknown'' as an adjective.
 


-->


<!--
<!--
Line 92: Line 113:
  '''<span style="color: red>(↑ TENSE) =<sub>c</sub> pres</span>''' becomes '''<span style="color: blue>(↑ TENSE) == pres;</span>''' in xlfg.
  '''<span style="color: red>(↑ TENSE) =<sub>c</sub> pres</span>''' becomes '''<span style="color: blue>(↑ TENSE) == pres;</span>''' in xlfg.
-->
-->
== Homework ==
<span style="color: blue>For next week, read pages 102-113 in the textbook.</span>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
 
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   [[Practical_Grammar |'''Main page''']] [[Practical_Grammar_2| '''Week 2''']] [[Practical_Grammar_3| '''Week 3''']]  [[Practical_Grammar_4| '''Week 4''']]  [[Practical_Grammar_5| '''Week 5''']] [[Practical_Grammar_6| '''Week 6''']]  [[Practical_Grammar_7_new| '''Week 7''']]  '''Week 8''' [[Practical_Grammar_8b| '''Week 8b''']] [[Practical_Grammar_Help| '''Help''']]
   [[Practical_Grammar |'''Main page''']] [[Practical_Grammar_2|'''Week 2''']] [[Practical_Grammar_3|'''Week 3''']]  [[Practical_Grammar_4|'''Week 4''']]  [[Practical_Grammar_5|'''Week 5''']] [[Practical_Grammar_6|'''Week 6''']]  [[Practical_Grammar_7_new|'''Week 7''']]  '''Week 8''' [[Practical_Grammar_9|'''Week 9''']]
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Latest revision as of 08:36, 30 January 2024

Complement Clauses

Exercise 8.1 (based on section 5.1 of the textbook)

  • Add the words in the following sentences:

(1) Fred thinks that Lilly disappeared
(2) Fred enquires whether Lilly disappeared

Implement the following:

  1. that and whether belong to the part of speech C (= complementizer).
  2. Complementizers head CPs.
  3. CPs take two daughers: a C and an IP. The two daughters are co-heads of the CP.
  4. You need to add a new VP rule which allows a VP to consist of a V and a CP. The CP bears the GF COMP.
  • Make any further changes that are necessary to obtain the f-structure (10) on p. 101 for (1), with one exception: your grammar will not contain the information [CLTYPE DECL] in the main f-structure! For sentence (2), you should obtain an f-structure which is identical to that of sentence (1), with the exception that the CLTYPE of the COMP in (2) should be INTER.

Check what your grammar predicts for the following examples:

(3) *Fred thinks whether Lilly disappeared
(4) *Fred enquires that Lilly disappeared

If your grammar licenses these examples, then add information to it that makes it impossible to derive a well formed f-structure for them.

Hint: think about the function of each of the complementizers!

Subject Clauses

That- and whether-clauses can also act as subjects:

1. That Lilly disappeared sucks
2. Whether Lilly disappeared is unknown

Of course, the complementizers are still bound to their clause types:

3. *Whether Lilly disappeared sucks

Exercise 8.2

  • Go to https://xlfg.labri.fr/.
  • Add the sentences above to your test items.
  • Change the grammar so that it makes the correct predictions for all test items.

Your grammar should yield the following Argument Structure for sentence (1):

Sucks.JPG

Your grammar should yield the following Argument Structure for sentence (2):

Unknown.JPG

Notes:

a. treat is as a verb which combines with a COMP and an OBJ.
b. treat unknown as an adjective.





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