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| == Complement Clauses ==
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| Next, we come to the exciting topic of complement (= subordinate) clauses. Here are two examples:
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| (1) Fred thought that Lilly disappeared<br>
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| (2) Fred asked whether Lilly disappeared
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| There is nothing really special about these structures. As with prepositional phrases, we need
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| # lexical items for the new verbs
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| # lexical items for the two complementizers ''that'' and ''whether''
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| # two new phrase structure rules.
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| We make the following assumptions:
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| # ''that'' and ''whether'' belong to the part of speech C (= complementizer).
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| # A complementizer combines with a following S to form another S.
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| # The C and the lower S is are co-heads of the upper S.
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| # You need to add a new VP rule which allows a VP to consist of a V and an S. The S bears the GF '''COMP'''.
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| # Complementizers have no PRED value.
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| <span style="color: blue>Exercise 9 </span>
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| 1. Open Grammar Grammar 9 - 2026-02-04<br>
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| 2. Implement the analysis for sentences (1)-(2) as described above.<br>
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| 3. Parse. Your output should look exactly like the output decribed in the document Exercise-9-expected-output.pdf on Olat.
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| Note that the complementizers in (1) and (2) cannot be exchanged:
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| (3) *Fred asked that Lilly disappeared<br>
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| (4) *Fred thought whether Lilly disappeared
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| The reason is that there is an incompatibility of clause type information in (3) and (4): the verb ''thought'' requires a declarative clause as its COMP, but
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| the word ''whether'' can only head interrogative clauses. In (4), we find the opposite incompatibility.
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| <span style="color: blue>Exercise 10 </span>
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| 1. Open your current version of Grammar Grammar 9 - 2026-02-04<br>
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| 2. Add the feature CLAUSE_TYPE to the lexical entries that need it so that (3)-(4) are not accepted by the grammar for the reasons stated above, but (1)-(2) stay grammatical.<br>
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| 3. Parse. Your output should look exactly like the output decribed in the document Exercise-9-expected-output.pdf on Olat.
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| <br>
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| <br>
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| <div align="center">
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| [[Practical_Grammar |'''Main page''']] [[Practical_Grammar_2|'''Week 2''']] [[Practical_Grammar_3|'''Week 3''']] [[Practical_Grammar_4|'''Week 4''']] [[Practical_Grammar_5|'''Week 5''']] [[Practical_Grammar_6|'''Week 6''']] [[Practical_Grammar_7_new|'''Week 7''']] [[Practical_Grammar_8|'''Week 8''']] '''Week 9'''
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| </div>
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| <!-- [[Practical_Grammar_10|'''Week 10''']] [[Practical_Grammar_11|'''Week 11''']] [[Practical_Grammar_12|'''Term Paper Project''']] -->
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