Predicates and Arguments: Difference between revisions
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=== Semantic analysis of sentences into predicates and arguments === | === Semantic analysis of sentences into predicates and arguments === | ||
Note: Many of the sentences in this section are taken from or based on examples in Hornby, A.S. (1975) Guide to Patterns and Usage in English. Second Edition. Cornelsen & Oxford University Press. | Note: Many of the sentences in this section are taken from or based on examples in Hornby, A.S. (1975) Guide to Patterns and Usage in English. Second Edition. Cornelsen & Oxford University Press. | ||
In these exercises you are supposed to analyze a complete sentence into its predicate and the arguments of the predicate. Each predicate may have 1-3 arguments. You write the predicate into the empty box labeled '''Predicate''', together with a different variable for each argument. Then you write into the empty box of each variable position the words that make up that argument. | |||
<br> | <br> | ||
'''Sample problem and solution:''' | '''Sample problem and solution:''' | ||
''Example:'' <span style="color: blue>They | ''Example:'' <span style="color: blue>They call the doctor.</span><br> | ||
''Expected answer:''<br> | ''Expected answer:''<br> | ||
Predicate = x | Predicate = x calls y<br> | ||
x = They<br> | x = They<br> | ||
y = the doctor<br> | y = the doctor<br> | ||
| Line 15: | Line 17: | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
Note:<br> | '''Note:'''<br> | ||
* Type the words into the boxes exactly as they appear in the examples. | * '''Type the words into the boxes exactly as they appear in the examples.''' | ||
* To signal that a box is empty, enter the minus sign: - | * '''Enter all predicates in the 3rd person singular present tense.''' | ||
* '''To signal that a box is empty, enter the minus sign: -''' | |||
<br> | <br> | ||
<quiz display=simple> | <quiz display=simple> | ||
{ Fill in the gaps! | { Fill in the gaps! | ||
''Example:'' <span style="color: blue>You | ''Example:'' <span style="color: blue>You surprise them.</span> | ||
| type="{}" } | | type="{}" } | ||
Predicate: { x | Predicate: { x surprises y _15} | ||
x = { You _10} | x = { You _10} | ||
| Line 35: | Line 38: | ||
{ Fill in the gaps! | { Fill in the gaps! | ||
''Example:'' <span style="color: blue>We | ''Example:'' <span style="color: blue>We go to Wales.</span> | ||
| type="{}" } | | type="{}" } | ||
Predicate: { x | Predicate: { x goes y _15} | ||
x = { We _10} | x = { We _10} | ||
| Line 49: | Line 52: | ||
{ Fill in the gaps! | { Fill in the gaps! | ||
''Example:'' <span style="color: blue>The plane | ''Example:'' <span style="color: blue>The plane lands.</span> | ||
| type="{}" } | | type="{}" } | ||
Predicate: { x | Predicate: { x lands _15} | ||
x = { The plane _10} | x = { The plane _10} | ||
| Line 62: | Line 65: | ||
{ Fill in the gaps! | { Fill in the gaps! | ||
''Example:'' <span style="color: blue>Steven | ''Example:'' <span style="color: blue>Steven meets my most favorite teacher.</span> | ||
| type="{}" } | | type="{}" } | ||
| Line 75: | Line 78: | ||
{ Fill in the gaps! | { Fill in the gaps! | ||
''Example:'' <span style="color: blue>She | ''Example:'' <span style="color: blue>She says that it would rain.</span> | ||
| type="{}" } | | type="{}" } | ||
| Line 91: | Line 94: | ||
| type="{}" } | | type="{}" } | ||
Predicate: { x | Predicate: { x considers y z _15} | ||
x = { Many of his friends _25} | x = { Many of his friends _25} | ||
| Line 102: | Line 105: | ||
{ Fill in the gaps! | { Fill in the gaps! | ||
''Example:'' <span style="color: blue>We | ''Example:'' <span style="color: blue>We talk to Lilly about her behavior.</span> | ||
| type="{}" } | | type="{}" } | ||
Predicate: { x | Predicate: { x talks y z _15} | ||
x = { We _10} | x = { We _10} | ||
y = { to Lilly _10} | y = { to Lilly _10} | ||
z = { about her behavior _20} | z = { about her behavior _20} | ||
</quiz> | </quiz> | ||
| Line 129: | Line 119: | ||
{ Fill in the gaps! | { Fill in the gaps! | ||
''Example:'' <span style="color: blue>I | ''Example:'' <span style="color: blue>I talk to her.</span> | ||
| type="{}" } | | type="{}" } | ||
| Line 143: | Line 133: | ||
{ Fill in the gaps! | { Fill in the gaps! | ||
''Example:'' <span style="color: blue>We | ''Example:'' <span style="color: blue>We give Lilly a bike.</span> | ||
| type="{}" } | | type="{}" } | ||
| Line 150: | Line 140: | ||
x = { We _10} | x = { We _10} | ||
y = { Lilly _10} | y = { Lilly _10} | ||
z = { bike _10} | z = { a bike _10} | ||
</quiz> | </quiz> | ||
| Line 156: | Line 146: | ||
{ Fill in the gaps! | { Fill in the gaps! | ||
''Example:'' <span style="color: blue>Someone | ''Example:'' <span style="color: blue>Someone pushes Lilly into the flowers.</span> | ||
| type="{}" } | | type="{}" } | ||
| Line 165: | Line 155: | ||
z = { into the flowers _20} | z = { into the flowers _20} | ||
</quiz> | </quiz> | ||
<br> | |||
<br> | |||
<div align="center"> | |||
[[Syntax_1_Wiki:_Week_2| ← '''Week 2''']] | |||
</div> | |||
Latest revision as of 14:38, 23 April 2019
Semantic analysis of sentences into predicates and arguments
Note: Many of the sentences in this section are taken from or based on examples in Hornby, A.S. (1975) Guide to Patterns and Usage in English. Second Edition. Cornelsen & Oxford University Press.
In these exercises you are supposed to analyze a complete sentence into its predicate and the arguments of the predicate. Each predicate may have 1-3 arguments. You write the predicate into the empty box labeled Predicate, together with a different variable for each argument. Then you write into the empty box of each variable position the words that make up that argument.
Sample problem and solution:
Example: They call the doctor.
Expected answer:
Predicate = x calls y
x = They
y = the doctor
z = -
Note:
- Type the words into the boxes exactly as they appear in the examples.
- Enter all predicates in the 3rd person singular present tense.
- To signal that a box is empty, enter the minus sign: -