Practical Grammar 8: Difference between revisions
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<span style="color: blue>Exercise 9 </span> | <span style="color: blue>Exercise 9 </span> | ||
1. Open Grammar Grammar | 1. Open Grammar Grammar 8<br> | ||
2. Implement the analysis for sentences (1)-(2) as described above.<br> | 2. Implement the analysis for sentences (1)-(2) as described above.<br> | ||
3. Parse. Your output should look exactly like the output decribed in the document Exercise-9-expected-output.pdf on Olat. | 3. Parse. Your output should look exactly like the output decribed in the document Exercise-9-expected-output.pdf on Olat. | ||
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<span style="color: blue>Exercise 10 </span> | <span style="color: blue>Exercise 10 </span> | ||
1 | 1. Add the feature CLAUSE_TYPE to the lexical entries that need it so that (3)-(4) are not accepted by the grammar for the reasons stated above, but (1)-(2) stay grammatical.<br> | ||
2. Parse. Your output should look exactly like the output decribed in the document Exercise-9-expected-output.docx on Olat. | |||
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<div align="center"> | <div align="center"> | ||
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Latest revision as of 05:28, 16 June 2026
Complement Clauses
Next, we come to the exciting topic of complement (= subordinate) clauses. Here are two examples:
(1) Fred thought that Lilly disappeared
(2) Fred asked whether Lilly disappeared
There is nothing really special about these structures. As with prepositional phrases, we need
- lexical items for the new verbs
- lexical items for the two complementizers that and whether
- two new phrase structure rules.
We make the following assumptions:
- that and whether belong to the part of speech C (= complementizer).
- A complementizer combines with a following S to form another S.
- The C and the lower S are co-heads of the upper S.
- You need to add a new VP rule which allows a VP to consist of a V and an S. The S bears the GF COMP.
- Complementizers have no PRED value.
Exercise 9
1. Open Grammar Grammar 8
2. Implement the analysis for sentences (1)-(2) as described above.
3. Parse. Your output should look exactly like the output decribed in the document Exercise-9-expected-output.pdf on Olat.
Note that the complementizers in (1) and (2) cannot be exchanged:
(3) *Fred asked that Lilly disappeared
(4) *Fred thought whether Lilly disappeared
The reason is that there is an incompatibility of clause type information in (3) and (4): the verb thought requires a declarative clause as its COMP, but the word whether can only head interrogative clauses. In (4), we find the opposite incompatibility.
Exercise 10
1. Add the feature CLAUSE_TYPE to the lexical entries that need it so that (3)-(4) are not accepted by the grammar for the reasons stated above, but (1)-(2) stay grammatical.
2. Parse. Your output should look exactly like the output decribed in the document Exercise-9-expected-output.docx on Olat.