Prepositional Phrases: Difference between revisions
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== The Preposition Phrase (PP) == | == The Preposition Phrase (PP) == | ||
The distribution of the preposition phrase | === The distribution of the preposition phrase === | ||
A PP can occur in the following diagnostic environments: | A PP can occur in the following diagnostic environments: | ||
* as the second complement of the verb <span style="color: blue>put</span>: <span style="color: blue>Chris put the book | * as the second complement of the verb <span style="color: blue>put</span>: <span style="color: blue>Chris put the book <u>on the shelf</u>.</span> | ||
* as the complement of verbs like <span style="color: blue>run</span>: <span style="color: blue>The squirrel ran | * as the complement of verbs like <span style="color: blue>run</span>: <span style="color: blue>The squirrel ran <u>up the tree</u>.</span> | ||
* inside an NP, following the noun, i.e. in [<sub>NP</sub> ... N __]: <span style="color: blue> | * inside an NP, following the noun, i.e. in [<sub>NP</sub> ... N __]: <span style="color: blue>The book <u>about Canada</u></span> | ||
A PP can often be substituted with an adverbial pro-form <span style="color: blue>there, then</span>. | A PP can often be substituted with an adverbial pro-form <span style="color: blue>there, then</span>. | ||
In a constituent question test for a PP, the question starts with <span style="color: blue>where, how, why, ...</span> | In a constituent question test for a PP, the question starts with <span style="color: blue>where, how, why, ...</span> | ||
The internal structure of the preposition phrase | === The internal structure of the preposition phrase === | ||
A PP must contain | A PP must contain | ||
* a preposition (<span style="color: blue>in, from, in spite of, by, ...</span>) | * a preposition (<span style="color: blue>in, from, in spite of, by, ...</span>) | ||
* a major phrase following the preposition, usually an NP (<span style="color: blue>from [<sub>NP</sub> Canada], to [<sub>NP</sub> Kim]</span>), but other phrases are also possible (<span style="color: blue>from [<sub> | * a major phrase following the preposition, usually an NP (<span style="color: blue>[<sub>PP</sub> from [<sub>NP</sub> Canada]], [<sub>PP</sub> to [<sub>NP</sub> Kim]]</span>), but other phrases are also possible (<span style="color: blue>[<sub>PP</sub> from [<sub>PP</sub> inside the building]]</span>). | ||
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[[Adjective_Phrases| ← Adjective Phrases]] [[Clauses|Clauses →]] | |||
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Latest revision as of 09:41, 26 April 2017
The Preposition Phrase (PP)
The distribution of the preposition phrase
A PP can occur in the following diagnostic environments:
- as the second complement of the verb put: Chris put the book on the shelf.
- as the complement of verbs like run: The squirrel ran up the tree.
- inside an NP, following the noun, i.e. in [NP ... N __]: The book about Canada
A PP can often be substituted with an adverbial pro-form there, then. In a constituent question test for a PP, the question starts with where, how, why, ...
The internal structure of the preposition phrase
A PP must contain
- a preposition (in, from, in spite of, by, ...)
- a major phrase following the preposition, usually an NP ([PP from [NP Canada]], [PP to [NP Kim]]), but other phrases are also possible ([PP from [PP inside the building]]).