Syntax 1 Wiki: Week 6: Difference between revisions
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There are 3 kinds of head-modifier phrases.<br> | There are 3 kinds of head-modifier phrases.<br> | ||
a. A Head-modifier phrase can be formed by combining an adjectival sign [= the non-head | a. A Head-modifier phrase can be formed by combining an adjectival sign [= the non-head | ||
daughter] with a nominal sign [= the head daughter] which is | daughter] with a nominal sign [= the head daughter] which is COMPS-complete but is sill looking | ||
for its specifier. | for its specifier. | ||
[[File:H-M phrase 1.PNG|left|400px|caption]] | [[File:H-M phrase 1.PNG|left|400px|caption]] | ||
<div style="color:#fff; background:#000080"> | <div style="color:#fff; background:#000080"> | ||
This schema licenses the following structure:<br> | This schema licenses the following structure:<br> | ||
*<i style="color:#ffff00">NP -> A | *<i style="color:#ffff00">NP -> A N(P)</i> | ||
**[<i style="color:#ffff00">NP</i> [<i style="color:#ffff00">MOD</i> happy][<i style="color:#ffff00">H</i> student]] | **[<i style="color:#ffff00">NP</i> [<i style="color:#ffff00">MOD</i> happy][<i style="color:#ffff00">H</i> student]] | ||
**[<i style="color:#ffff00">NP</i> [<i style="color:#ffff00">MOD</i> big][<i style="color:#ffff00">H</i> cat]] | **[<i style="color:#ffff00">NP</i> [<i style="color:#ffff00">MOD</i> big][<i style="color:#ffff00">H</i> cat]] | ||
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<br> | <br> | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
b. A Head-modifier phrase can be formed by combining a PP [= the non-head daughter] | |||
with a nominal sign [= the head daughter] which is COMPS-complete but is sill looking for its specifier: | |||
<!-- | |||
[[File:H-M phrase 1.PNG|left|400px|caption]] | |||
<div style="color:#fff; background:#000080"> | |||
This schema licenses the following structure:<br> | |||
*<i style="color:#ffff00">NP -> N(P) PP</i> | |||
**[<i style="color:#ffff00">NP</i> [<i style="color:#ffff00">H</i> student][<i style="color:#ffff00">MOD</i> with red hair]] | |||
**[<i style="color:#ffff00">NP</i> [<i style="color:#ffff00">H</i> professor][<i style="color:#ffff00">MOD</i> from Frankfurt]] | |||
</div> | |||
--> | |||
== Phrase Formation == | == Phrase Formation == | ||
Revision as of 16:57, 30 June 2019
Types of Phrases
Head-Complement Phrases
A head-complement phrase can be formed by combining a word [= the head daughter] with 1 or 2 signs [= the non-head daughter(s)] whose syntactic categories can be unified with the syntactic categories on the word’s comps list.
Schema 1: The head licenses a single complement
This schema licenses the following structure:
XP -> X + COMPS
Examples:
- [PP [H of][C Lilly]]
- [AP [H fond][C of Lilly]]
- [VP [H likes][C Fido]]
- [VP [H speaks][C to Fido]]
Schema 2: The head licenses two complements
This schema licenses the following structure:
XP -> X + COMPS
Examples:
- [VP [H show][C me][C Frankfurt]]
- [VP [H give][C the book][C to the student]]
- [VP [H put][C the book][C on the table]]
Head-Specifier Phrases
A head-specifier phrase can be formed by combining a sign [= the head daughter] with a second sign [= the non-head daughter] whose syntactic category can be unified with the syntactic category on the word’s spr list:
This schema licenses the following structures:
- NP -> D NP
- [NP [SPR the][H student]]
- [NP [SPR those][H apples]]
- S -> NP VP
- [S [SPR Lilly][H smokes]]
- [S [SPR Lilly][H likes Fido]]
- [S [SPR The student][H showed a cat to Fido]]
Head-Modifier Phrases
There are 3 kinds of head-modifier phrases.
a. A Head-modifier phrase can be formed by combining an adjectival sign [= the non-head
daughter] with a nominal sign [= the head daughter] which is COMPS-complete but is sill looking
for its specifier.
This schema licenses the following structure:
- NP -> A N(P)
- [NP [MOD happy][H student]]
- [NP [MOD big][H cat]]
- [NP [MOD huge][H interest in languages]]
b. A Head-modifier phrase can be formed by combining a PP [= the non-head daughter]
with a nominal sign [= the head daughter] which is COMPS-complete but is sill looking for its specifier:
Phrase Formation
Here is the file that we went through in class this week:
File:Phrase-Formation-Version3.pdf
Navigation: